According to the Particle Physics all of the particle is made up of only two kinds :
- Fermions
- Bosons
Fermions - The elementary particles that make up matters are Fermions. The Standard Model includes 12 elementary particles of spin -½ known as fermions. According to the spin-statistics theorem, Fermions obeys the Pauli exclusion principle. Each Fermion has a corresponding antiparticle.
The Fermions of the Standard Model are classified according to how they interact (or equivalently, by what charges they carry). There are six quarks (up, down, charm, strange, top, bottom), and six leptons (electron, electron neutrino, muon, muon neutrino, tau, tau neutrino).
Bosons - Bosons are force carriers that function as the 'glue' holding matter together. Bosons are particles which obey Bose–Einstein statistics. An important characteristic of bosons is that their statistics does not restrict the number that can occupy the same quantum state. This property holds for all particles with integer spin (s = 0, 1, 2 etc.) as an immediate consequence of the spin–statistics theorem.
While most bosons are composite particles, in the Standard Model, there are five bosons which are elementary :
- The four Gauge Bosons (Photon, Gluon, Z-Boson, W-Boson)
- The Higgs Boson
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